Help:Editing

Sections and subsections

Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.

New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====

Newline

A single newline has no effect on the layout.

But an empty line starts a new paragraph, or ends a list or indented part. (<p> disables this paragraphing until </p> or the end of the section)

(in Cologne Blue two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines)

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines. You might find this causes future problems.

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.

(The HTML tag <br> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <br />.)

You can break lines<br>
without starting a new paragraph.

• Unordered Lists are easy to do:
  • start every line with a star
    • more stars means deeper levels
• A newline
• in a list

marks the end of the list.

• Of course
• you can
• start again.

* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
*A newline
*in a list  
marks the end of the list.
*Of course
*you can
*start again.

1. Numbered lists are also good
   1. very organized
   2. easy to follow
2. A newline
3. in a list

marks the end of the list.

1. New numbering starts
2. with 1.

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
#A newline
#in a list  
marks the end of the list.
#New numbering starts
#with 1.

• You can even do mixed lists
  1. and nest them
     • or break lines
       in lists

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines<br>in lists

Definition list

word 

definition of the word

longer phrase

phrase defined

; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase 
: phrase defined

indenting

A colon indents a line or paragraph.

A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

• This is often used for discussion on Talk pages.

: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

<center>Centered text.</center>

and below.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.

A horizontal dividing line: above
----
and below. 

Basic

Sue is reading the official position (or Official positions).

Sue is reading the 
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).

Section of page

• List of cities by country#Morocco.
• List of cities by country#Sealand.

If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page

*[[List of cities by country#Morocco]].
*[[List of cities by country#Sealand]].

piped link

Use a pipe "|" to create a link label:

• About Links
• Cities in Morocco

*[[Help:Links|About Links]]
*[[List of cities by country#Morocco|
Cities in Morocco]]

"blank" pipes hide stuff:

• In parentheses: kingdom.
• Namespace: Village pump.

After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.

*In parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]]. 
*Namespace: [[Wikipedia:Village pump|]].

Links to nonexistent pages

The weather in London is a page that doesn't exist yet.

• You can create it by clicking on the link.

[[The weather in London]] is a page
that doesn't exist yet.

Link to yourself

You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:

Your user name: Slthytove

Or your user name plus date/time: Slthytove 18:49, 18 Oct 2005 (UTC)

The server will fill in the link after you save.

You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Or your user name plus date/time: ~~~~

Redirect

one article title to another with this special link.

#REDIRECT [[United States]]

Media links

To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
Sound

[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]

Links to Categories

To include links to a Category page.
Category:English documentation

[[:Category:English documentation]]

Dates

Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use Special:Preferences to change your own date display setting.

[[July 20]], [[1969]] , [[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]

Special pages

"What links here" and "Recent changes" can be linked as:
Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing and Special:Recentchangeslinked/Help:Editing

[[Special:Whatlinkshere/
Help:Editing]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/
Help:Editing]]

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]

• In the URL all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in ASCII). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.

Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.

In-line picture

• To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list

A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png]]

or, with alternative text (strongly encouraged)

[[Image:Wiki.png|
Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] 

Web browsers render alternative text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud.

Other ways of linking to pictures

• The Image page: Image:Wiki.png
• A link to just the picture: Ukki logo

[[:Image:Wiki.png]]
[[media:Wiki.png|Ukki logo]]

Use a "media" link: Sound

[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]

Emphasize (italics), strongly (bold), very strongly (bold italics). (These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

You can also write italic and bold. This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.

F = ma

(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it).

You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b>.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you 
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b>

You can also write in small caps.

You can also write 
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">
in small caps</span>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font, sometimes used for <tt>technical terms</tt>.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for 
<tt>technical terms</tt>.

You can use <small>small text</small> 
for captions.

and underline new material.

You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

Superscript: x² or x²

Most browser have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with ²

ε₀ = 8.85 × 10⁻¹² C² / J m.

Subscript: x<sub>2</sub>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2;

&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.

Using non-breaking spaces

x²    ≥    0 true.

<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;
&nbsp;&ge;
&nbsp;&nbsp;0 true.

Using Wikitext piped tables

{||-
|<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> 
| width=20px | || width=20px | ≥0 || true.
|-
| a || || b
|}

Example

arrow →

italics link

arrow      →

''italics''
[[link]]

<nowiki>

• interpret special characters
• don't interpret special wiki markup
• reformat text (removing newlines and multiple spaces)

arrow → ''italics'' [[link]]

<nowiki>
arrow      &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki>

<pre>

• interpret special characters
• don't interpret special wiki markup
• don't reformat text

arrow      →

''italics''
[[link]]

<nowiki><pre>arrow      &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]

• Use Formula or TeX markup.
• A useful resource for understanding TeX can be found at the TeX User's Group.

<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>

Umlauts and accents:
è é ê ë ì í

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

è é ê ë ì í

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

Punctuation:
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

Commercial symbols:
™ © ® ¢ € ¥

™ © ® ¢ € ¥
£ ¤

α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ  σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

Math characters:
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

transclusion

Including the contents of another page into the current page.

{{:Transclusion Demo}}

template

A special kind of page designed for transclusion. These pages are found in the Template: namespace Templates can even take parameters. When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.

{{Title|hovertext|This is underlined}}